Translation of figures of speech, semantic and translational issues. For a microstructural approach in translatology

Document Type : Original Research

Authors
Danial Basanj 1
Elham Gramifar 2
1 Assistant-Professor in Shahid Beheshti University
2 Shahid Beheshti University
Abstract
Today neither linguists nor specialists in comparative literature are not unaware of the importance of researches in translation studies. The role played by a literary translation in the target culture is no longer considered less important than that of the original in the source culture, hence the importance of a microstructural translatology aimed at the purely linguistic issues of translation, and more particularly those of literary masterpieces.

In this work we try to analyze the semantic and translational issues of metaphor and metonymy in the “Divan” of Hafiz translated into French by Charles-Henri de Fouchécour. This translation is made from the version of the Divan corrected by Parviz Natel-Khanlari. In this article we have studied the semantic dimension of the translation of figures of speech. After having analyzed a large part of the Divan's metonymies and metaphors, we have chosen about fifty to present them in detail in this study. By adopting an approach derived from Lexicosemantics, the latter have been subjected to translational analyzes according to the theories of Antoine Berman.

The results of this research demonstrate that we cannot expect an exhaustive transmission of these figures of speech in the translation of the Divan, as far as the figurative and their own meanings are concerned, except in very few cases. In most cases, it is the literal meaning of the figures that is translated to the detriment of the figurative meaning. The translator remedies this breach by means of detailed comments which escape the textual framework of the poems.

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حافظ شیرازی، خواجه شمس الدین محمد، 1383، دیوان حافظ؛ به اهتمام محمد قزوینی و دکتر قاسم غنی،
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