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Since the beginning of the eighteenth century, the awareness of the masses increased in different societies and has sparked screams of protest over the ruling regimes. After the protest movements occurred in Iran and in the Arab countries, the authors of the course used the story as a good form to express the pain of the people and describe their tragic and sorrow lives. Since the late of eighteenth century to today fiction witnessed many developments and exposed to various ideas and theories. Moreover, while defining the current and the schools in Persian and Arabic has been mentioned to the most influential literary currents and schools and its famous writers in Arab countries and Iran. Studies shows that similarities are more than the differences in contemporary Persian and Arabic literary literature, and literally most of the school's realism was the school of fiction writing in two communities. In terms of the trends that have emerged, the flow of political novels, climatology, feminization, and the two main tendencies of historical and social novels. The distinguishing differences in this comparison are the literature of immigration, which is discarded in Persian fiction, as well as the committed literature is much more limited in Iran than Arabic countries.

Keywords: literary school, literary flow, contemporary Persian literature and Arabic literature.

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